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Species:
Proales theodora (Gosse, 1887)
Valid Name:
There is no data to display.
Parent taxa:             Genus / Family / Order / Superorder / Subclass / Class
Proales: Proalidae: Ploima: Pseudotrocha: Monogononta: Eurotatoria
Taxonomic / nomenclatural notes:
Furcularia reinhardti Ehrenberg after Levander (1894) [Ref.17395], Sachse (1914) [Ref.11397].
Nomenclatural status:
name in current use
Species group name declinable:
no
Validity:
valid
Taxon Rank:
Species
Availability:
available
Original Combination:
Notommata theodora
Original Spelling:
Notommata Theodora
Latest Revision:
De Smet, W H (1996): Guides to the identification of the microinvertebrates of the continental waters of the world Vol. 9: 102
Page last modified on: 10.05.2013 by C.D. Jersabek
Original description
 
Gosse, P H (1887): Journal of the Royal Microscopical Society 7
p.862, pl.14, fig.2
Gosse, P H (1887): Journal of the Royal Microscopical Society 7 p.862, pl.14, fig.2
Literature documentations
 
Levander, K M (1894): Acta Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica 12
sub Proales reinhardti (Ehrenberg)
Levander, K M (1894): Acta Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica 12
Displaying items 1 - 1 of 10
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- n.s. -   Proales theodora (Gosse, 1887)
De Smet, W H, 1996 Guides to the identification of the microinvertebrates of the continental waters of the world9 
De Smet, W H, 1996 Hydrobiologia335
Donner, J, 1954 Österreichische Zoologische Zeitschrift5Proales theodora (Gosse, 1887)
Gosse, P H, 1887 Journal of the Royal Microscopical Society7Notommata theodora Gosse, 1887
Hauer, J, 1938 Zoologischer Anzeiger123 
Jersabek, C D, 1996 Berichte der naturwissenschaftlich-medizinischen Vereinigung Salzburg11Proales theodora (Gosse, 1887)
Jersabek, C D, 2011 Mitteilungen aus dem Haus der Natur19Proales theodora (Gosse, 1887)
Jersabek, C D;E Bolortsetseg, 2010 Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia159Proales theodora (Gosse, 1887)
Kaya, M;S Yigit;A Altindag, 2007 Zoology in the Middle East40 
Kutikova, L A;L A Folian, 1996 Proceedings of the Zoological Institute267 
Levander, K M, 1894 Acta Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica12 
Pejler, B, 1962 Zoologiska Bidrag från Uppsala33 
Sachse, R, 1914 Archiv für Hydrobiologie9 
Schmid-Araya, J M, 1993 Jahresberichte der Biologischen Station Lunz14 
Displaying items 1 - 15 of 15
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Proales theodora var. calcarata Wulfert, 1938 no nomenclatural statusVarietasnot available
Displaying items 1 - 1 of 1
IUILocality(sorted ascending)
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  Moss (Fontinalis) / Stream, freshwater (mountain, gravel)02.08.2009Expedition, Literature / - / Published Information2048
L
  Littoral microhabitats / Lake, freshwater (alpine)04.08.1990Literature / - / Published Information1
L
  Open water (tychoplanktonic) / Lake, freshwater (oligotrophic)28.03.2019CJ unpubl. / - / Unpublished Information, own observations (CJ)1
F
  Algae (Hydrurus foetidus) / Spring, rheocrene08.08.2005Expedition, Literature / - / Published Information2308
L
  Moss (submersed) / Spring, rheocrene08.08.2005Expedition, Literature / - / Published Information2308
L
  Macrophytes (Veronica) / Spring, rheocrene05.08.2005Expedition, Literature / - / Published Information2308
L
  Moss (submersed) / Spring, rheocrene05.08.2005EX_Mon / 2005 / Mongolia2048
C
  Moss (submersed) / Spring, rheocrene05.08.2005Expedition, Literature / - / Published Information2308
L
  Macrophytes (Ranunculus) / Stream, freshwater08.08.2005Expedition, Literature / - / Published Information1
L
  Moss (submersed) / Stream, freshwater08.08.2005Expedition, Literature / - / Published Information1
L
  Stream bottom: POM (sand, gravel) / Stream, freshwater11.08.2005Expedition, Literature / - / Published Information1
L
  - / Stream, freshwater01.01.1886Literature / - / Published Information3074
L
  - / -01.01.1900Literature / - / Published Information3074
L
  Macrophytes (Hippuris) / Stream, freshwater08.07.2005Expedition, Literature / - / Published Information4
L
  Open water / Lake, freshwater (oligotrophic)27.01.1998CJ unpubl. / - / Unpublished Information, own observations (CJ)130
L
  Macrophytes (Hippuris dominant) / Stream, freshwater30.08.2006Expedition, Literature / - / Published Information1
L
  Sedges (Carex sp.), 'open water' between plants / Riparian wetland30.08.2006Expedition, Literature / - / Published Information1
L
Displaying items 1 - 17 of 17
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NUM 0022 Proales theodora (Gosse, 1887)
Orig.Id.: Proales theodora (Gosse, 1887)
 female1 
NUM 0023 Proales theodora (Gosse, 1887)
Orig.Id.: Proales theodora (Gosse, 1887)
 females2 
NUM 0024 Proales theodora (Gosse, 1887)
Orig.Id.: Proales theodora (Gosse, 1887)
 trophi1 
ANSP 1980 Proales theodora (Gosse, 1887)
Orig.Id.: Proales theodora (Gosse, 1887)
 females2 
CDJ UB003 Proales theodora (Gosse, 1887)
Orig.Id.: Proales theodora (Gosse, 1887)
 females2 
ANSP 1981 Proales theodora (Gosse, 1887)
Orig.Id.: Proales theodora (Gosse, 1887)
 trophi1 
CDJ UB031 Proales theodora (Gosse, 1887)
Orig.Id.: Proales theodora (Gosse, 1887)
 trophi2 
Displaying items 1 - 7 of 7
Geographical Range:
Disjunct range (Holarctic, New Zealand).
Macrohabitat:
Lake, freshwater (alpine); Lake, freshwater (oligotrophic); Riparian wetland; Spring, rheocrene; Stream, freshwater; Stream, freshwater (mountain, gravel);
Microhabitat:
Algae (Hydrurus foetidus); Littoral microhabitats; Macrophytes (Hippuris dominant); Macrophytes (Hippuris); Macrophytes (Ranunculus); Macrophytes (Veronica); Moss (Fontinalis); Moss (submersed); Open water; Open water (tychoplanktonic); Sedges (Carex sp.), 'open water' between plants; Stream bottom: POM (sand, gravel);
Temperature:
4.00°C to 18.10°C, avg=7.50°C, n=12
Redox:
-65.00mV to -22.00mV, avg=-44.57mV, n=7
Oxygen:
5.40mg/l to 10.13mg/l, avg=7.33mg/l, n=10
Conductivity:
43.00µs/cm to 390.00µs/cm, avg=251.58µs/cm, n=12
Saturation:
50.80% to 101.00%, avg=72.68%, n=10
TDS:
20.00mg/l to 188.00mg/l, avg=120.00mg/l, n=10
PH:
6.50 to 8.30, avg=7.59, n=11
Salinity:
0.00ppt to 0.20ppt, avg=0.16ppt, n=11
Ecology summary:
Benthic and periphytic in rheocrene freshwater springs, streams, rivers, and lakes; most common in potamopsammal, rheophilic moss, and algal films; but also in limnopsammal, among macrophytes, athalassic saline and coastal brackish waters, and purely marine habitats; euryhaline, prefers circumneutral to alkaline pH (Jersabek & Bolortsetseg, 2010) [Ref.18457].
Food:
Diatoms, dinoflagellates, bacteria.
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Australis- n.s. -- n.s. -- n.s. -- n.s. -- n.s. -in New Zealand, according to De Smet (1996); no reference found
Nearctis- n.s. -- n.s. -- n.s. -- n.s. -- n.s. -
Palaearctis- n.s. -- n.s. -- n.s. -- n.s. -- n.s. -
PalaearctisP1 EuropeanEuropeAustriaKärntenBezirk Spittal a.d. Drau
PalaearctisP1 EuropeanEuropeAustriaOberösterreichBezirk Gmunden
PalaearctisP1 EuropeanEuropeAustriaSalzburgPongau
PalaearctisP1 EuropeanEuropeCzech RepublicJihomoravský kraj (South Moravia)Okres Znojmo
PalaearctisP1 EuropeanEuropeUnited KingdomEnglandDevon Co.
PalaearctisP2 SiberianAsiaMongoliaHövsgölTsagaannuur soum
PalaearctisP2 SiberianAsiaMongoliaTövMöngönmorit soum
PalaearctisP2 SiberianAsiaMongoliaUvsTes soum
Displaying items 1 - 11 of 11