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Species:
Lepadella patella (Müller, 1773) 		Valid Name:
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Lepadella: Lepadellidae: Ploima: Pseudotrocha: Monogononta: Eurotatoria 		Taxonomic / nomenclatural notes:
• Type species of genus Lepadella Bory de St. Vincent, 1826 and of subgenus Eulepadella Hauer, 1926 (the latter is an invalid synonym of the former).
• Lepadella ovalis (Müller) after Chengalath et al. (1973) [Ref.10428].
not Lepadella patella (Müller) after Harring (1916 partim:fig.6) [Ref.17239], Hauer (1926) [Ref.14918], Hauer (1952) [Ref.12090] [=L. biloba Hauer]; Pejler (1962) [Ref.11691] [=L. biloba Hauer?]; Hauer (1938, partim) [Ref.17262], ?Chengalath et al. (1973) [Ref.10428]; ?Shiel & Koste (1985) [Ref.17565], De Smet (1989) [Ref.14236] ('rounded form'), De Smet (1990) [Ref.17149], Koste & Shiel (1989, partim: 'ecotypic variant') [Ref.17365] [=L. discoidea Segers]; Wang (1961 partim:fig.33d) [Ref.18125], Pejler (1962 partim:figs.27,28) [Ref.11691] [=L. quadricarinata (Stenroos)]; Batut (1965) [Ref.14371] [=L. patella persimilis De Ridder]; Zhao (2014 partim:fig.4) [Ref.27301] [=L. latusinus (Hilgendorf)?]
• Polymorphic species with a number of sub- and infrasubspecific taxa of uncertain taxonomic status. Probably represents a complex of cryptic species with narrower geographic ranges and/or ecological tolerances.
Nomenclatural status:
name in current use 		Species group name declinable:
no 		Validity:
valid 		Taxon Rank:
Species 		Availability:
available
Original Combination:
Brachionus patella 		Original Spelling:
Brachionus patella 		Latest Revision:
Koste, W (1978): Rotatoria. Die Rädertiere Mitteleuropas. Ein Bestimmungswerk, begründet von Max Voigt. Überordnung Monogononta. 673, 234 pls.
Page last modified on: 28.07.2019 by C.D. Jersabek
Original description
 
Müller, O F (1773): Vermium terrestrium et fluviatilium, seu animalium infusoriorum, helminthicorum et testaceorum, non marinorum, succincta historia. Infusoria.
p.130
Müller, O F (1773): Vermium terrestrium et fluviatilium, seu animalium infusoriorum, helminthicorum et testaceorum, non marinorum, succincta historia. Infusoria. p.130
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Literature documentations
 
Müller, O F (1786): Animalcula infusoria fluviatilia et marina, quæ detexit, systematice descripsit et ad vivum delineari curavit.
Müller, O F (1786): Animalcula infusoria fluviatilia et marina, quæ detexit, systematice descripsit et ad vivum delineari curavit.
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Observation images
 
Image courtesy of ANSP (Jersabek et al. 2003) [Ref.15798]; females, ventral (1499), and dorsal (1502) views
Image courtesy of ANSP (Jersabek et al. 2003) <a href='../../Reference/Index/15798' target='_blank'>[Ref.15798]</a>; females, ventral (1499), and dorsal (1502) views
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SEM trophi image , courtesy of Diego Fontaneto & Giulio Melone -   Trophi website

Author(s)(sorted ascending)
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Baribwegure, D;H Segers, 2001 Hydrobiologia446/447
Bartoš, E, 1955 Časopis Národního musea, oddíl přírodovědný124 
Battish, S K, 1992 Freshwater zooplankton of India.  
Buhmann, D, 1981 Institut für Zoologie  
Carlin-Nilsson, B, 1935 Kungliga Fysiografiska Sällskapets i Lund Förhandlingar5 
Chengalath, R, 1976 Canadian Journal of Zoology54 
Chengalath, R;C H Fernando;W Koste, 1973 Bulletin of the Fisheries Research Station of Sri Lanka (Ceylon)24 
Chung, C E;H B Yoo;S Y Kim, 1991 The Korean Journal of Systematic Zoology7 
Daems, G;H J Dumont, 1974 Biologisch Jaarboek (Dodonaea)42 
Dagne, A A;A Herzig;C D Jersabek;Z Tadesse, 2008 International Review of Hydrobiology92Lepadella patella (Müller, 1773)
De Manuel, J, 1990 Limnetica6 
De Smet, W H, 1989 Natuurwetenschappelijk Tijdschrift69 
De Smet, W H, 2007 Zootaxa1425
De Smet, W H;J M Bafort, 1990 Biologisch Jaarboek (Dodonaea)58 
Donner, J, 1954 Österreichische Zoologische Zeitschrift5Lepadella patella (Müller, 1773)
Donner, J, 1964 Archiv für Hydrobiologie, Supplement27/1Lepadella patella patella (Müller, 1773)
Dujardin, M F, 1841 Histoire naturelle des zoophytes. Infusoires, comprenant la physiologie et la classification de ces animaux, et la manière de les étudier à l'aide du microscope.  
Godske Björklund, B, 1972 Acta Zoologica Fennica135 
Harring, H K, 1916 Proceedings of the United States National Museum51 
Hauer, J, 1926 Schriften des Vereins für Geschichte und Naturgeschichte der Baar in Donaueschingen16 
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Brachionus bractea Müller, 1786 junior subjective synonym
Lepadella mariae Rodewald, 1935 junior subjective synonym
Lepadella patella f. elongata Sharma & Sharma, 1987 no nomenclatural status
Lepadella patella var. maxima Kertész, 1956 no nomenclatural status
Lepadella patella parvula De Graaf, 1956 junior subjective synonym of nominotypical taxon
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Taxon(sorted ascending)
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Lepadella patella f. elongata Sharma & Sharma, 1987 no nomenclatural statusFormanot available
Lepadella patella f. oblonga Wulfert, 1960 junior subjective synonymFormanot available
Lepadella patella var. maxima Kertész, 1956 no nomenclatural statusVarietasnot available
Lepadella patella minor Koch-Althaus, 1963 junior subjective synonymSubspeciesavailable
Lepadella patella oblonga (Ehrenberg, 1834) name in current useSubspeciesavailable
Lepadella patella oblongata Sharma & Sharma, 1999 junior subjective synonymSubspeciesavailable
Lepadella patella parvula De Graaf, 1956 junior subjective synonym of nominotypical taxonSubspeciesavailable
Lepadella patella persimilis De Ridder, 1961 name in current useSubspeciesavailable
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IUILocality(sorted ascending)
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Aberger Schotterteich (Fürth)
Littoral microhabitats / Pond, freshwater12.08.1986CJ unpubl. / - / Unpublished Information, own observations (CJ)1
F
 
Aubauer Badesee (Badesee Plankenau)
Open water / Pond, freshwater01.06.2010CJ unpubl. / - / Unpublished Information, own observations (CJ)1
F
 
Baga Nuur
Reed belt, open water between and periphyton on reed stems / Lake, freshwater08.09.2006Expedition, Literature / - / Published Information2052
L
 
Bargaintown
- / -12.05.1920Collection / - / Specimen preparations2048
C
?
Birch Hill - n.o.s. -
- / -05.04.1909Collection / - / Specimen preparations2048
C
 
Bleu
Littoral microhabitats / Pond, freshwater (tropical)17.09.2004Literature / - / Published Information1
L
 
Bog pond (Almboden)
Littoral microhabitats / Pond, peat bog (alpine)25.08.1990Literature / - / Published Information2
L
 
Bog pond Graukogel
Littoral microhabitats / Pond, peat bog (alpine)22.08.1989Literature / - / Published Information2
L
 
Bog pond north of Techl
Littoral microhabitats / Pond, peat bog28.07.1987CJ unpubl. / - / Unpublished Information, own observations (CJ)1
F
 
Bog pond Reedhüttl
Moss (Sphagnum, peat moss) / Pond, peat bog (alpine)11.08.1992Literature / - / Published Information2
L
 
Brunnkarsee
Bottom sediments (littoral sand, cobble, gravel) / Lake, freshwater (alpine, ultraoligotrophic)21.09.1991Literature / - / Published Information2
L
 
Bürmooser See
Open water / Pond, freshwater (eutrophic)24.05.2007CJ unpubl. / - / Unpublished Information, own observations (CJ)1
F
 
Danube River at Haslau
- / -01.01.1900Literature / - / Published Information2
L
 
Danube River at Haslau, backwater
- / -01.01.1900Literature / - / Published Information2
L
 
Danube River at Nussdorf
- / -01.01.1900Literature / - / Published Information2
L
 
Diegos Taro Farm
Water fern interrhizon (Azolla sp.), and bottom sediments / Taro cultivation pond (lo'i kalo )22.03.2001Expedition, Literature / - / Published Information4
L
 
Dösenbach
Moss (Fontinalis) / Stream, freshwater (mountain, gravel)02.08.2009Expedition, Literature / - / Published Information4
L
 
Dösenbach
Stream bottom: bed sediments / Stream, freshwater (mountain, gravel)02.08.2009Expedition, Literature / - / Published Information4
L
 
Durstmüller, swimming pond
Open water / Pond, freshwater19.08.2008CJ unpubl. / - / Unpublished Information, own observations (CJ)1
F
 
Ebner's Waldhof Fuschl, Swimming Pond
Open water (tychoplanktonic) / Pond, freshwater19.06.2012CJ unpubl. / - / Unpublished Information, own observations (CJ)1
F
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ANSP 0789 Lepadella patella (Müller, 1773)
Orig.Id.: Lepadella patella (Müller, 1773) 		 female1 
ANSP 0954 Lepadella patella (Müller, 1773)
Orig.Id.: Lepadella patella (Müller, 1773) 		 females5 
USNM 39991 Lepadella patella (Müller, 1773)
Orig.Id.: Lepadella patella (Müller, 1773) 		 male1 
USNM 39992 Lepadella patella (Müller, 1773)
Orig.Id.: Lepadella patella (Müller, 1773) 		 female1 
ANSP 1499 Lepadella patella (Müller, 1773)
Orig.Id.: Lepadella ovalis (Müller, 1786) 		 females11 
ANSP 1500 Lepadella patella (Müller, 1773)
Orig.Id.: Lepadella patella (Müller, 1773) 		 females19 
ANSP 1502 Lepadella patella (Müller, 1773)
Orig.Id.: Lepadella patella (Müller, 1773) 		 females4 
ANSP 1503 Lepadella patella (Müller, 1773)
Orig.Id.: Lepadella patella (Müller, 1773) 		 female1 
ANSP 1504 Lepadella patella (Müller, 1773)
Orig.Id.: Lepadella patella (Müller, 1773) 		 females6 
ANSP 1505 Lepadella patella (Müller, 1773)
Orig.Id.: Lepadella patella (Müller, 1773) 		 female1 
ANSP 1506 Lepadella patella (Müller, 1773)
Orig.Id.: Lepadella patella (Müller, 1773) 		 female1 
USNM 39913 Lepadella patella (Müller, 1773)
Orig.Id.: Lepadella patella (Müller, 1773) 		 females4 
USNM 39990 Lepadella patella (Müller, 1773)
Orig.Id.: Lepadella patella (Müller, 1773) 		?female1 
ANSP 1916 Lepadella patella (Müller, 1773)
Orig.Id.: Metopidia patella (Müller, 1773) 		 females16 
USNM 19922 Lepadella patella (Müller, 1773)
Orig.Id.: Lepadella patella (Müller, 1773) 		 females3 
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Geographical Range:
Cosmopolitan, including Antarctic and Pacific regions.
Macrohabitat:
Bog pond; Bog, peat bog; Canal, freshwater; Lake, freshwater; Lake, freshwater (alpine); Lake, freshwater (alpine, ultraoligotrophic); Lake, freshwater (eutrophic); Lake, freshwater (mesotrophic); Lake, freshwater (oligotrophic); Lake, freshwater (subalpine); Lake, freshwater (tropical); Lake, oligosaline (tropical); Marsh, freshwater (montane); Pond, freshwater; Pond, freshwater (alpine pastureland); Pond, freshwater (alpine); Pond, freshwater (alpine, ultraoligotrophic); Pond, freshwater (artificial); Pond, freshwater (eutrophic fishpond); Pond, freshwater (eutrophic); Pond, freshwater (fishpond); Pond, freshwater (subalpine); Pond, freshwater (tropical); Pond, peat bog; Pond, peat bog (alpine); Pool, freshwater; Pool, freshwater (alpine pastureland); Pool, freshwater (alpine); Puddle, freshwater; River, freshwater; River, freshwater (lowland); Stream, freshwater; Stream, freshwater (lowland); Stream, freshwater (mountain); Stream, freshwater (mountain, gravel); Taro cultivation pond (lo'i kalo );
Microhabitat:
Algae, benthic; Bottom sediments; Bottom sediments (littoral sand, cobble, gravel); Bottom sediments (predominantly anorganic); Bottom sediments, and POM; Eichhornia crassipes (water hyazinth), interrhizon; Eichhornia sp. (water hyazinth), among roots (interrhizon); Littoral microhabitats; Littoral vegetation (Macrophytes and partly emersed terrestrial plants); Macrophytes; Macrophytes (Ceratophyllum, Potamogeton); Macrophytes (Elodea canadensis); Macrophytes (Hippuris dominant); Macrophytes (Utricularia, Nymphaea); Mixed sample: open water, and periphyton; Moss; Moss (Fontinalis); Moss (Sphagnum, peat moss); Moss (submersed); Moss (submersed, in swift flowing water); Mud surface; Open water; Open water (tychoplanktonic); Periphyton (littoral vegetation); Periphyton (littoral vegetation, roots of terrestrial vegetation); Periphyton (roots of terrestrial vegetation); Psammolittoral; Reed belt, open water between and periphyton on reed stems; Stream bottom: bed sediments; Stream bottom: periphyton, and POM; Stream bottom: POM (cobble, gravel, sand), and filamentous algae; Stream bottom: POM (gravel, stones); Water fern interrhizon (Azolla sp.), and bottom sediments; Water lilies (Nymphaea), including open water between leaves;
Temperature:
5.40°C to 32.60°C, avg=17.51°C, n=105 		Redox:
-55.00mV to -27.00mV, avg=-43.00mV, n=3
Oxygen:
0.60mg/l to 14.60mg/l, avg=7.19mg/l, n=57 		Conductivity:
6.00µs/cm to 1693.00µs/cm, avg=141.97µs/cm, n=104
Saturation:
7.00% to 177.00%, avg=85.08%, n=54 		TDS:
27.00mg/l to 458.00mg/l, avg=162.61mg/l, n=7
PH:
3.70 to 9.75, avg=7.15, n=106 		Salinity:
0.00ppt to 0.40ppt, avg=0.19ppt, n=10
Ecology summary:
Eurytopic in stagnant and running freshwater; also in peat bogs, marshes, paddy fields, phytotelmata, and edaphon, and occasionally in athalassic saline, coastal brackish, and marine waters; eurythermic, euryhaline (Jersabek & Bolortsetseg, 2010) [Ref.18457].
Food:
 
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Afrotropis- n.s. -- n.s. -- n.s. -- n.s. -- n.s. -
AfrotropisE1 East AfricanAfricaEthiopiaOromiaOromia - n.o.s. -
Antarctis- n.s. -- n.s. -- n.s. -- n.s. -- n.s. -
Australis- n.s. -- n.s. -- n.s. -- n.s. -- n.s. -
Nearctis- n.s. -- n.s. -- n.s. -- n.s. -- n.s. -
NearctisNA1 CanadianNorth AmericaCanadaOntarioOntario - n.o.s. -
NearctisNA2 CalifornianNorth AmericaUnited States of AmericaCaliforniaLos Angeles Co.
NearctisNA4 AlleghanyNorth AmericaUnited States of AmericaDistrict of ColumbiaDistrict of Columbia - n.o.s. -
NearctisNA4 AlleghanyNorth AmericaUnited States of AmericaFloridaMiami-Dade Co.
NearctisNA4 AlleghanyNorth AmericaUnited States of AmericaNew JerseyAtlantic Co.
NearctisNA4 AlleghanyNorth AmericaUnited States of AmericaPennsylvaniaMonroe Co.
NearctisNA4 AlleghanyNorth AmericaUnited States of AmericaPennsylvaniaNorthampton Co.
Neotropis- n.s. -- n.s. -- n.s. -- n.s. -- n.s. -
NeotropisNT2 AntillianNorth AmericaUnited States of AmericaUS Virgin IslandsSt. Thomas Co.
Orientalis- n.s. -- n.s. -- n.s. -- n.s. -- n.s. -
Pacific- n.s. -- n.s. -- n.s. -- n.s. -- n.s. -
PacificHawaiianPacific (Oceania)United States of America (Hawaii)HawaiiHawaii Co.
PacificHawaiianPacific (Oceania)United States of America (Hawaii)HawaiiKauai Co.
PacificHawaiianPacific (Oceania)United States of America (Hawaii)HawaiiMaui Co.
PacificHawaiianPacific (Oceania)United States of America (Hawaii)HawaiiOahu Co.
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